In many societies and cultures murder is listed among the...

In many societies and cultures murder is listed among the most serious crimes. For this reason, individuals, provided they are not mentally disturbed, are believed to have some kind of motivation when they decide to take other people’s lives. Very often those motivations include the desire to prove one’s importance or beliefs. In this view Misfit, the character of Flannery O’Connor’s short story â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find†, is the example of the murderer who sees himself as a wronged man. Even thought little information about the criminal’s past is given in the story, it can be inferred that Misfit’s motivation to kill is his wish to prove his point to society, try to find his place in life and answer the questions religion poses. On†¦show more content†¦In this view, the victims would just make a transition to eternity, they would not be deprived of their precious lives. If Misfit admitted that raising the dead never occurred, it would mean that human life is meaningless and unimportant, so the motivation for the murders would be the pleasure they give him. In a way, the main motivation to commit murders is Misfit’s attempt to define himself in the world. The desire to prove one’s significance and importance becomes the motivation of the executioners, namely Jeremiah Donovan, in Guest of the Nation. From the beginning of the short story Donovan sees his role with the prisoners as a position of authority; he â€Å"supervises† and â€Å"watches† their games, â€Å"shouts† when he gets excited (O’Connor 52). On other occasions Donovan is hardly looked at, he is slow, clumsy and insignificant, both his fellows and captive soldiers make fun of his accent. But as soon as the idea of murder enters his mind, Donovan begins to undergo a change. Donovan no longer just mumbles, but starts speaking in a tone of authority as the narrator accounts he â€Å"didn’t like the tone he (Donovan) took with me† (O’Connor 54). Donovan lets himself believe that the motivation for execution is his duty, he has no choice but shoot the prisoners as a reprisal. The narrator is slightly skeptical of such mot ivation even though he shares it as he points out: â€Å"(Donovan) begins on the usual rigmarole aboutShow MoreRelatedMotivation : Motivation And Motivation1216 Words   |  5 PagesOverall, motivation is, â€Å"the general desire or willingness of someone to do something† (Oxford Dictionaries). For me, motivation plays a significant role in accomplishing goals, working harder, and being successful. Internal and external forces also have a powerful impact on my motivation. I discovered that my motivation stems from both internal and external forces equally. However, sometimes motivation is lacking when doing something unpleasant or undesirable, such as writing an essay. ThankfullyRead MoreMotivation : Motivation And Motivation1341 Words   |  6 PagesMotivation Motivation is, according to the text, â€Å"A set of energetic forces that originate within and outside an employee that initiates work-related effort and determines its direction, intensity and persistence.† (Colquitt) When one hears the word â€Å"motivation†, one automatically thinks of an individual’s reasoning behind a certain task or performance. In terms of job motivation, it is what pushes or encourages a person to not only perform the work tasks, but to also be successful in the positionRead MoreMotivation : Motivation And Motivation Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pages4) Motivation Motivation is an important concept in modern psychology. It is not possible to understand, explain or predict human behavior without some knowledge of motivation. 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These motivations are very important to your life and canRead MoreMotivation, Motivation And Intrinsic Motivation1629 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction There are certain theories that works in the business organization at both practical and theoretical levels and one of such theories is motivation. The term motivation has been defined, discussed and has been dealt with a number of times as in accordance with the changing dynamics of the business organizations. Richard M. Ryan and Edward L. Deci defines a person to be motivated if, a person is moved to do something. (2000). Thereby it simply means that the one who is not energized orRead MoreMotivation Theories Of Motivation And Motivation Essay1020 Words   |  5 Pages Overview of Presentation What is motivation? Cognitive theories of Motivation Forms of Motivation Motivation Theories Profile of Motivational Problems How to Motivate Students What is Motivation? Many different theorists have tried to define what is meant by motiviation. Urdan and Schoenfelder (2006) defined Motivation as follows: â€Å"Motivation is a complex part of human psychology and behavior that influences how individuals choose to invest their time, how much energy they exert in any givenRead MoreMotivation Theories And Motivation Of Employee Motivation Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagescontrol and some that are not. Employee motivation is something that can directly affect an organizations production. It is no secret that un-motivated employees equates to un-productive workers, but how can we combat this? In order to better understand this concept we will look at the definition of employee motivation, some of the motivation theories and some motivation techniques that could be useful in our organizations. What is employee motivation? Motivation is a word used quite often in many different

Night and The Book Thief - 763 Words

Narrator- a person who gives an account or tells the story of events, experiences. In the historical non-fiction Night by Elie Wiesel and Markus Zusaks historical fiction The Book Thief, the narrators offer unique perspectives to readers of World War II and also the Holocaust in Germany. Nights first-person narrator and The Book Thiefs third-person narrator both bring out the realities and actualities of World War II by describing the horrors of what they each had to see and go through. The fact that Night is in first person enables the reader to interpret one persons encounters that occurred in real life, while the third person narrative, The Book Thief, lets readers see the thoughts of many characters. In Elie Wiesels Night, the first person narrator, Elie Wiesel, lets the reader to be able to have a firsthand account of the Holocaust and World War II and also explain what evil can do to a person. Elie is a body. Perhaps less than that even; a starved stomach. The stomach alone was aware of the passage of time (Wiesel 50). When he faces the Angel of Death, Dr. Mengele, he is so scarred that he shall never forget that night, the first night in camp, that turned [his] life into one long night seven times sealed. ... Never shall I forget the nocturnal silence that deprived me for all eternity of the desire to live. ... Never (34). The impact of these lines cause readers to experience the evils that the Germans decided to expose to the Jewish when they broughtShow MoreRelatedThe Book Thief Analysis Essay736 Words   |  3 PagesTakara Taylor July 18, 2009 AP Literature Essay The Book Thief Haunted By Symbols Through all of the irony and vivid coloring, The Book Thief is more easily understood after acquiring knowledge of reading literature with greater care and meticulousness. Applying chapters of How to Read Literature like a Professor can better enhance a reader’s awareness of hidden messages and symbols within certain works of literature. In Chapter Two, Foster explains how meals suggest a communion betweenRead MoreBook Thief Macbeth Comparison1656 Words   |  7 PagesMacbeth amp; The Book Thief: A Comparison between Ambition present in the Novels In comparing Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Zusak’s Book Thief, though the books deal with different time eras, characters and even language styles, there are some striking similarities between the themes in both novels. The themes are evident throughout both novels, these themes give a better understanding of the author’s message he wants to portray to his audience. Both books show ambition effectively in many situationsRead MoreThe Book Thief Literary Analysis1198 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I [Death] am haunted by humans† (Zusak 550). This example of imagery, a literary device, in The Book Thief juxtaposed how Death was haunted by the cruelty of human action, just as how humans were haunted by Death. Literary devices were implemented by authors to create gripping stories that they wanted to share with their readers. Novelist Aldous Huxley once said that â€Å"the essay is a literary device for saying almost everything about everything†. While cas ual readers may not realize the intricaciesRead MoreThe Book Thief By Markus Zusak1621 Words   |  7 PagesMarkus Zusak, the author of The Book Thief, was able to entice his readers by successfully framing the book thief s story and giving us a better understanding of the book through the use of many color metaphors by the narrator. The prologue is my most beloved part not only because the color metaphors give captivating descriptions of every scene at the beginning of the story. Additionally, in the prologue—the author introduced us to such an â€Å"unlikely† narrator, and to the protagonist. 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The characters in The Book Thief such as Liesel, Hans, Rosa, Rudy, and Max find themselves in situations where they have to act a certainRead MoreNothing1233 Words   |  5 PagesThe Book Thief Summary How It All Goes Down The Book Thief is narrated by Death, who tells us the story of Liesel Meminger. Its January 1939, and Liesel, who is about ten-years-old, is traveling by train with her mother and her little brother Werner. Liesel and Werner are being taken to the small town of Molching, just outside of Munich, Germany, to live with foster parents Hans and Rosa Hubermann. Werner dies on the train of mysterious causes having to do with poverty, hunger, cold, and lackRead MoreThe Book Thief By Markus Zusak1549 Words   |  7 Pages The Book Thief by Markus Zusak is classified as a historical fiction novel because it tells a story that takes place during a tragic period in human history. 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Songkran Festival in Thailand for Economy - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSongkran Festival in Thailand for Economy. Answer: Introduction Different kinds of events have now become a good resource of not only a mass enjoyment but it has also become a significant resource of economy generation in the respective country. Events can be of varied kinds such as film festival, annual festival, music festival and many others like such (Kitterlin Yoo 2014). Songkran festival is one of the kinds of such festivals but definitely with different faiths and beliefs behind it. The paper therefore figures out the factual findings behind the event (Tsai Sakulsinlapakorn, 2016). The main purpose of this assignment is to analyze the Songkran festival based on different parameters such as its impact on the different stakeholders and the theoretical perspectives of the Songkran festival. Historical background of the event Songkran festival is the biggest event celebrated in the country Thailand every year in the month of April from 13th to 15th. The start of the event can be traced in the earlier times when the believers used to offer foods to the Buddhist monks. The holy water offered by the monks had then taken the religious beliefs, which is ever since then has continued. The celebration of Songkran festival is now more done for the holy purpose. People view this as a good resource to purify their souls by being into the rainfall (Agarwal, 2013). Literature Review Event in terms of principles of sustainability Principle of sustainability can be well defined with the help of Triple Bottom Line approach. Triple Bottom Line approach is a theoretical framework that analyses the impact of a business on the three important factors such as environment, society and the economy (Starik Kanashiro, 2013). On a similar note, this section of the assignment checks the impact of the selected festival on the social life of the Thais, on the surrounding environment and on the local economy. Environmental impact- The impact of a business or any event on the environment is growing in concerns for the common people. Common people have now much concern on the betterment of environment. Sustainability has become an integral asset of the different practices that organizations today perform. They do so to ensure that their business is aligned with environmental cause also (Beckmann, Hielscher Pies, 2014). Social impact- Events do also affect the social life of people living close to such events. The different kinds of events do affect its audience distinctively. However, events based on ritual beliefs have different impacts on the society. It changes their way of thinking. It changes their way of living and also their way of beliefs (Porananond, 2015). Economy impact- Such events do also have an indirect impact on the local economy. This happens because of several reasons such as the increasing fall of foreign visitors. An increasing fall of foreign visitors is also accompanied with an increasing number of local people. If such a huge gathering is a part of an event and that for a long duration of time, it really helps the local economy of the country to improve to a significant level (Lee, 2016). Experiences and meanings attached to the event Different people have different experiences regarding the event. To some people, it just means a good source to have some kind of enjoyment. However, there are many who are associated to the various kinds of events for their different beliefs thoughts. Despite all the distinguish beliefs and views on the different kinds of events, it is understandable that events are close to many (Karlsson, 2013). Positive and negative impacts outcomes of the event The impact of the event on the economy is readily observable. This does not only benefit the different industries associated with this. It rather affects the local economy as well. Positive impact of different events can be but are not limited to such as increasing business of different bodies associate to the event, entertaining resource for those who love entertainment and local economy of the country. Negative impacts can also be in significant numbers. Different events have different negative impacts such as a music festival affects the surrounding environment with sound pollution. This is problematic to the common citizen as well to the students (Riasi Pourmiri, 2015). Impact on stakeholders in the event Stakeholders are those who are associated to the events with their different roles and responsibilities. The theory of stakeholder management resembles its relation with the theory of sustainability, which means to satisfy the needs of every single stakeholder associated to a business or an event. It is indeed a challenge in nowadays to satisfy the needs of every single stakeholder (Tantalo Priem, 2016). Stakeholders are of two kinds such as primary and secondary (Kazadi, Lievens Mahr, 2016). Sustainability has been affected badly by the incapability of the firms to manage their stakeholders. Organizations with better sustainability records have the better capability to manage their respective stakeholders, which is why there are few firms in the world that are famous for their sustainability records (Eccles, Ioannou Serafeim, 2014). Discussion part Songkran festival in terms of principles of sustainability Environmental impact- Songkran festival is one of such events that have an evident impact on the surrounding environment. Thai people believe the event is a resource to wash off their sins and bad deeds. It not only attracts the local people but also attract the foreigners as well. Tourists coming from different parts of world have their interest also in the event. They may have some other perspective towards the event; however, they still take part in the event. Environmentally, the festival score poor on the sustainability account. This is for few important reasons such as the wastage of water and the pollution due to this. There is a huge shortage of water in Thailand. Despite the fact the local government of the country still offers sufficient water to support the ritual beliefs. They have reduced the festival duration from initially of four days to three days but still it does not look good from the perspective of sustainability (Waiyanate, 2016). Another important look out is pollution, which the sp illing of water causes. People use to be in the rain of water with their shoes in the leg. The surrounding of the area is bound to be adjoined with unexpected pollution may be in the form of dirt that different people bring with themselves in the festival (Waiyanate, 2016). Social impact- Songkran festival like the other event festival across the globe attracts a mass participation especially from the local community. It also witnesses a significant participation of the international visitors those who come to Thailand to visit the country. There have been instances of road accidents, which were there because of street gatherings, reckless driving, drinking while driving and many like such. The event itself does not give any preach on any such practices; however, it is becoming responsible for such causes. It has affected them negatively, which is not a very healthy sign for a peaceful atmosphere (Porananond, 2015). Economy impact- Songkran festival, which is celebrated every year in the month of April for three days attracts not only the local people but it, also attracts the foreign visitors who visit the country for the touring purpose. The staying of foreign visitors in the festival does open up ways to an increased frequency of online booking of hotels, air tickets, restaurants etc. Tour operators do earn a significant amount with such event. Not only this, the hotels and the restaurants also earn a very significant amount. The business is enhanced for the hotels, the restaurants and the tour operators. This indirectly influences the local economy of the country. This is for such reason the local government of the country has shown their interest in uplifting the tourism sector of the country (Karlsson, 2013). Experiences and meanings attached to the Songkran festival The event celebrated by the Thais has few background meaning, which is necessary to understand the importance of festival to the Thais people. The Thai people believe that being into the splashing water will wash away their sins and purify their souls. The belief is very much similar to the reasons for which Makar Sankranti is celebrated in India. However, the way of celebration is different. To the Thai people it is very religious and pious too. The other meaning attached to this event is the belief, which the Thai people have for rain. They believe that splashing water in such a way for ritual values will also attract rainfall in the country. Nevertheless, this will compensate the scarcity of water in the country (Karlsson, 2013). Positive and negative impacts outcomes of the Songkran festival Positivity of the event is widely evident in the economic betterment of Thailand. The online booking has gone up. This is because more people are now coming from the different parts of world. They are the visitors who are coming to the country with their special intentions to be the part of the event. This is a good sign for the different hotels, restaurants and the tour operators in Thailand. They have now enhanced business opportunities (Riasi Pourmiri, 2015). Despite of its positive impact on the economy of the country, it has adversely affected the social and the environmental factors of the country. Accident cases are rising with the growing popularity of the Songkran festival. Drivers are driving the vehicles furiously while being in the drinking state. Apart from this, it is also the wastage of water. The country is struggling to get the sufficient water for its people. Moreover, the spill over water is supporting the air pollution. This is never a healthy sign for a country. Impact on stakeholders in the Songkran festival It is necessary for the Songkran festival as well that it satisfies its different stakeholders. In the Songkran festival, the primary stakeholders are the sponsors, participants and suppliers. The secondary stakeholders are the customers who are the local and the international people, the communities, the local government, tourism organizations and the various media personnel. The festival is benefitting its primary stakeholders because the event is growing in popularity with passage of every year. The secondary stakeholders have also been benefitted with this event. The tourism organization is now witnessing an enhanced fall of foreign visitors who also take part in this three day event. The local government is also in the benefiting hands because the festival has also helped to improve the local economy of the country. The local and the international people are also happy with this event for their different reasons. However, community is the one segment, which is getting badly affe cted with the event. The pollution that the festival contributes in is the one worrying factor. Apart from this, an increasing number of road accidents due to reckless driving or driving while drunk have both worsened the situation. The festival is actually enabling a negative outcome of it when it comes to the community or the society (Lertpattaradumrongkul, 2015). Conclusion The Songkran festival is vastly popular in local people of Thailand and the international customers visiting to the country. People living in the country find this festival as a good resource to purify their soul from sins. Many foreign visitors do also visit this festival. They might have a different view; however, they still love to be a part of the event. The festival is growing in popularity with the passage of time, which is benefitting the local economy of the country. Additionally, it has also benefitted the event management team and the hospitality tourism industry of Thailand. However, it has also become a notable resource to pollution and disrupting lives in the community. The event has been held responsible to notable number of road accidents. It has also been held responsible for the water shortage. Moreover, it is an event that contributes to the betterment of the local economy of the country; however, it should be taken care in the extreme hands of the local government . They need to ensure that there is a significant reduction in the road accidents. They also need to ensure that there are no shortages of water in the country. References Agarwal, R. (2013). Water Festivals of Thailand: The Indian Connection.Silpakorn University Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, 7-18. Beckmann, M., Hielscher, S., Pies, I. (2014). Commitment strategies for sustainability: how business firms can transform trade?offs into winwin outcomes.Business Strategy and the Environment,23(1), 18-37. Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., Serafeim, G. (2014). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance.Management Science,60(11), 2835-2857. Karlsson, K. (2013). The Songkran festival in Chiang Tung: A symbolic performance of domination and subordination between Lowland Tai and Hill Tai.Tai Culture,23, 50-62. Karlsson, K. (2013). The Songkran festival in Chiang Tung: A symbolic performance of domination and subordination between Lowland Tai and Hill Tai.Tai Culture,23, 50-62. Kazadi, K., Lievens, A., Mahr, D. (2016). Stakeholder co-creation during the innovation process: Identifying capabilities for knowledge creation among multiple stakeholders.Journal of Business Research,69(2), 525-540. Kitterlin, M., Yoo, M. (2014). Festival motivation and loyalty factors.Tourism Management Studies,10(1). Lee, Y. K. (2016). Impact of government policy and environment quality on visitor loyalty to Taiwan music festivals: Moderating effects of revisit reason and occupation type.Tourism Management,53, 187-196. Lertpattaradumrongkul, H. (2015). An exploratory study of the potential of Joe Louis Theatre to become a must-see performing art of Bangkok: views from the Joe Louis Theatre stakeholders. Porananond, P. (2015). Tourism and the transformation of ritual practice with sand pagodas in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.Tourism Review,70(3), 165-178. Riasi, A., Pourmiri, S. (2015). Effects of online marketing on Iranian ecotourism industry: Economic, sociological, and cultural aspects.Management Science Letters,5(10), 915-926. Starik, M., Kanashiro, P. (2013). Toward a theory of sustainability management: Uncovering and integrating the nearly obvious.Organization Environment,26(1), 7-30. Tantalo, C., Priem, R. L. (2016). Value creation through stakeholder synergy.Strategic Management Journal,37(2), 314-329. Tsai, L. M., Sakulsinlapakorn, K. (2016). Exploring Tourists Push and Pull Travel Motivations to Participate in Songkran Festival in Thailand as a Tourist Destination: A Case of Taiwanese Visitors.Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management,4(5), 183-197. Waiyanate, N. (2016). 617 Advocacy of community accident prevention (community traffic safety checkpoint) during Songkran festival in Thailand, 2015.

International Trade and United States free essay sample

Exports and imports constituted 14 percent and 11 percent of GAP respectively in 2009. These proportions have more than doubled since 1975. The United States trades more with industrially advanced economies although the U. S. Trade with Mexico is substantial. The U. S. s most important trading partner quantitatively is Canada, buying 20 percent Of our exports and providing 15 percent of our imports in 2009. China was the leading export country in 2009, surpassing Germany which used to hold that position.The order is: Belgium, Canada, Japan, United States. Improvement in transportation technology; Improvement in communication technology; and Decline in tariffs ; other trade impediments. Question 5 If the European Euro were to decline in value (depreciate) in the foreign exchange market, would it be easier or harder for the French to sell their wine in the United States? Suppose you were planning a trip to Paris. How would depreciation of the Euro change the dollar cost of your trip?ANSWER: If the European Euro declines in value, it means that Americans can receive more euros for each dollar. We will write a custom essay sample on International Trade and United States or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Therefore, they do not need as many dollars to pay the Euro price Of a bottle Of French wine, so the quantity demanded would rise and it should be easier to sell French wine in the U. S. Likewise, the Euro depreciation would make it less costly for Americans to travel in France, since the dollar would now buy more euros (assuming that prices inside France have not risen to entirely offset the depreciation of the Euro).Question 6 What measures do governments take to promote exports and restrict imports? Who benefits and who loses from protectionist policies? What is the net outcome for society? ANSWER: Governments promote exports by providing subsidies to export producers, which effectively lowers their costs and enables them to sell their products at lower prices on world markets. Subsidies enable export firms or Industries to compete against other nations, but the fact the subsidy was necessary for this competition means that the most efficient use of resources is not taking place.Restriction of imports can be accomplished by protective tariffs, by import quotas, and by non-tariff barriers such as licensing requirements, unreasonable quality standards, and unnecess ary import procedures. The benefits of protectionist policies are to the industry that has to compete on world markets either with its exports or against imports. Even this may be a short-run benefit, because industries that are protected may come so inefficient and outmoded that they are unable to stay afloat even with the protection in the long run.There may also be some political benefits as those protected groups have a strong self interest in this protection and are vocal opponents of free trade for their industries, whereas the benefits of free trade are more diffuse and the benefits to any single group of voters is less noticeable. The costs of protectionist policies are more widespread. The costs of protectionist policies arise because resources are not being used as efficiently as they might be under free trade.WTFO oversees trade agreements reached by member nations and arbitrates trade disputes among them. (b) The EX. is a trading bloc of 25 European countries who have agreed to abolish tariffs and import quotas on most products and have liberalized the movement of labor and capital within the EX.. (c) The Euro is the common currency that is used by 12 of the original 15 EX. countries. As of 2010, the number has grown to 16 countries. (d) NONFAT is a trade bloc made up of the United States, Canada, and Mexico whose purpose is to reduce tariffs and other trade barriers among the three countries.

Gatsbys Revelation essays

Gatsbys Revelation essays When F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote the novel The Great Gatsby, he used a unique writing technique. It used a first-person point of view in the form of a narrator, Nick Carraway, who was also involved in the story. This style allowed the author to withhold any information that he did not present to the narrator in the story, causing the reader to learn things the same way the narrator did. The protagonist in The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby, was revealed to the narrator, Nick, gradually throughout the course of the novel. On the surface, Jay Gatsby appeared to be extremely wealthy and generally happy with his place in life, and this is how he appears to Nick at the beginning of the novel. Gatsby threw big parties and people were not invited; they just showed up, as explained by Nick on page 45: "I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited. People were not invited-they went there"(45). As Nick began to know Gatsby better, he began to realize there was something wrong with Gatsby. Gatsby was obviously unhappy, but the reader was not told why. When Nick goes to New York with Gatsby and meets Meyer Wolfshiem, the reader is given some suspicion that Jay is involved in illegal dealings, because of the hints that Meyer Wolfshiem drops and the things Jay tells Nick about Meyer. The reader is finally told why Gatsby is unhappy at the end of chapter four, when Jordan Baker tells Nick about Gatsby's love for Daisy. The next major revelation about Gatsby does not happen to Nick until much later, but the author decided to place it earlier in the novel so the reader could understand what was going on more easily. Jay Gatsby tells Nick about where he came from, how he got there, and why he got there. Nick realizes that Gatsby is so in love with Daisy that he is crazy and will do anything to get her. It has consumed his life so much that he spent five years leading an illegal life just because of her. Th ...

Table of Contents Essays - Law, Government, Separation Of Powers

Table of Contents Essays - Law, Government, Separation Of Powers Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Separation of Powers: A Comparative Analysis of the Doctrine in India, United States of America and England. PAGEREF _Toc478900775 \h 1 INTRODUCTION PAGEREF _Toc478900776 \h 2 Meaning PAGEREF _Toc478900777 \h 2 ORIGIN PAGEREF _Toc478900778 \h 2 SEPARATION OF POWERS IN INDIA PAGEREF _Toc478900779 \h 4 Constitutional Provisions PAGEREF _Toc478900780 \h 5 Judicial Opinion of the Doctrine of Separation of Powers PAGEREF _Toc478900781 \h 6 SEPARATION OF POWERS IN USA PAGEREF _Toc478900782 \h 8 Presidential Form of Government PAGEREF _Toc478900783 \h 9 Principle of Checks and Balances PAGEREF _Toc478900784 \h 10 Administrative Growthand Separation of Powers PAGEREF _Toc478900785 \h 10 Delegated Legislation PAGEREF _Toc478900786 \h 11 SEPARATION OF POWERS IN ENGLAND PAGEREF _Toc478900787 \h 11 CONCLUSION PAGEREF _Toc478900788 \h 13 ENDNOTES PAGEREF _Toc478900789 \h 14 Separation of Powers: A Compa rative Analysis of the Doctrine in India, United States of America and England. Abstract: The doctrine of separation of powers is essentially what fortifies the three pillars of democracy. Without such ademarcation, the point of such offices and such pillars is redundant, and the nation might as well be a dictatorial state, with all three pillars working in collusion. This assignment comparesthe doctrine ofseparationof powers in India, the U.S.A. and England, and the reiteration of this demarcation in the three nations by the judiciary. INTRODUCTION Meaning The doctrine of Separation of Powers emphasizes the mutual exclusiveness of the three organs of government, viz., legislature, executive and judiciary. The main underlying idea is that each of these organs should exercise only one type of function. There should not be concentration of all the functions in one organ otherwise it will pose a threat to personal freedom, for; in that case, it could act in an arbitrary manner. It could enact a tyrannical law, execute it in a despotic manner and interpret it in an arbitrary manner without any external control. The purpose underlying separation doctrine is to diffuse governmental authority so as to prevent absolutism and guard against tyrannical and arbitrary powers of the state, and to allocate each function to the institution best suited to discharge it. The rationale underlying the doctrine that been that if all power is concentrated in one and the same organ, there would rise the danger of state absolutism endangering the freed om of the people. However, it needs to be appreciated that in considering this doctrine, we have moved from the discipline of law to that of political theory. The separation of powers is a doctrine not a legal principle. HYPERLINK "https://www.lawctopus.com/academike/separation-of-powers-a-comparative-analysis-of-the-doctrine-india-united-states-of-america-and-england/" \l "_edn1" [ i ] ORIGIN There is an old adage containing a lot of truth that "power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely" . To evolve effective control mechanism, man had been looking for devices to contain the forces of tyranny and authoritarianism. "Separation of Powers" was conceived to be one such device. It may not be possible to state precisely the origins of the doctrine of separation of powers. However, if we look to the writings of the Greek philosopher Aristotle , it is possible to discern a rudimentary separation of powers doctrine. Thus in his Politics, Aristotle remarked that: There are three elements in each constitution in respect of which every serious lawgiver must look for what is advantageous to it; if these are well arranged, the constitution is bound to be well arranged, and the differences in constitutions are bound to correspond to the differences between each of these three elements. The three are, first the deliberative, which discusses everything of common importance; second, the officials . . .; and third, the judicial element. The English political theorist, JohnLocke (1632-1704), also envisaged a threefold classification of powers. Writing in The Second Treatise of Government (1689), Locke drew a distinction between three types of power: legislative, executive and federative. . In Locke's analysis, the legislative power was supreme and although the executive and federative powers were distinct, the one concerned with the execution of domestic law within the state and the other with a state's security and external relations, he nevertheless took the view that they are always almost united' in the hands of the same persons. Absent from his classification is any mention of a separate judicial power. Moreover, the proper exercise of these powers is

CROSS CULTURAL ENCOUNTER PROJECT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

CROSS CULTURAL ENCOUNTER PROJECT - Essay Example This helped us develop our friendship and learn more about each other’s culture. We discovered that we both love sports and enjoyed watching international football games among the teams that we support. We also found out that we enjoy playing football as we both played it in junior and secondary schools. We spent a lot of time playing various video games at the local village arcade and in our apartments. Our friendship was enhanced by the fact that we are both international students who share a similar history and similar dreams and ambitions. In addition to, we dined together on numerous occasions and got to enjoy traditional meals that taught us more on our cultures. While I am Muslim, Patrick is Christian and this has not stopped us from learning more about each other’s religions and cultures. For instance, he joined me for Jumma (Friday prayers) in a Mosque in Arlington, Virginia (House 55). I attended a Sunday service with him where he celebrated ‘Palm Sunday ’. I learnt that the difference between the two religions is not so pronounced as they both focus on preaching a positive message to its followers. We have visited various exhibitions that show case different cultures and we have learnt so much about our rich cultures and familiarized ourselves with our mutual heritage. Patrick and I share numerous mutual friends hence we spend a lot of time together. It surprises a lot of people that a Muslim and a Christian can share such a close friendships, we have a lot in common, than what meets the eye. Although Patrick has spent most of his years in the United States, he is interested in learning more about the Asian culture and the language skills by visiting the Asian region. Patrick intends to go back to Indonesia after completing his studies and constantly visits his family back his home country. This shows the level of dedication that Patrick has towards learning more about the Indonesian culture. Identified Differences. In spite of a close friendship, there are various clear differences between us. To begin with, there is a huge age gap between us as Patrick is 27 years while I am 22 years. Patrick has lived in the United States for 15 years while I have been in here for three years. Patrick described his family as originating from Indonesia where his paternal and maternal ancestors originated. While Bahasa Indonesia is widely spoken in Indonesia, Patrick and his sibling speak English fluently having lived in the US for fifteen years. On the other hand, my family comes from Saudi Arabia while some members of my family live in Syria and Egypt. I am fluent in both Arabic and English and therefore there are no communication barriers between us. We eat a variety of foods in our homes including rice, sushi, pasta and various types of meat apart from pork. This is because I am Moslem. Patrick is Christian and Indonesian and they have no reservations when it comes to different types of food. Patrick’s fami ly owns a food processing company that specializes in processing high quality rice that is sold across the country. The business’ performance has been exemplary over the years and the plans to expand its activities in the Asian market in future. My family owns a Textile industry in Saudi Arabia and is planning to open new branches in Dubai and Qatar. This shows that our families are involved in different lines of business. Our cultures define the size of our families. I come from a family of six children that is

Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethics - Assignment Example Phil covered up his ill intentions by saying that the tidy sum would enhance a complete system overhaul. Fraud is a common unethical issue among firms that aim to make money through unscrupulous activities (Richardson p 18). Kevin’s intentions were not for the good of the company, but for his personal satisfaction. Fraud affects a company’s financial statements. It is much more expensive to cover-up fraud when the financial statements are undergoing audit procedures. 2. Fraudulent activities in Empress Luxury Lines have a material impact on various stakeholders. Kevin Pfeiffer, the computer technician is likely to get fired for two reasons; first, he declined Phil’s order to dig up nearly all the underground wires and cables. Phil is Kevin’s supervisor who has the authority to dismiss him on grounds of declining to perform duties (which is also a fraudulent activity by Phil). Secondly, Kevin was still a new hire under probation. He was well aware that failure to heed to Phil’s orders would have dire consequences on his career. His job was at stake as it is evident from what he told Antonio that his integrity did not matter. The orders he declined were performed by Matt, who would also benefit from the abhorrent actions. The insurance company would also have suffered from fraud. The insurance company was defrauded sums thirty times more of what would have been the real amount. Antonio claimed that he had heard rumours that the company successfully defrauded insurance companies before he arrived. Phil’s fraudulent activities brought truth to those allegations. The fraudulent activities had adverse effects on the company’s shareholders and financiers; the main source of capital for the company. The financial statements they received did not reflect a truthful and fair financial operation of the business. In fact, the parties involved in the fraudulent activities

Teachers Day Essay Example for Free

Teachers Day Essay In our country and culture a teacher is still held in great honor and respect. He is considered as a foundation of all knowledge and source of great ideals. He is the torch bearer to the society. Students look up to him with faith and hope to seek his guidance. Teacher can guide the whole generation through his versatile personality. Dr. Radhakrishnan and Ravindranath Tagore are modern examples of great teachers who influenced this country with their philosophy. If good ideas and values are to be perpetuated and inculcated in the younger generation, they must come from the mouth of teachers in their classes at all the levels of education. Like a unit of money which circulates and has multiple effects in economy, teacher also multiplies his influence among students who come in his contact year in and year out with a few hundred students every year, he will have a life long impact on thousands of them during the period of his service before retires. Only a lamp that burns can light another lamp The teachers plays in a society is that is of a visionary architect whose mission evokes universal respect. It is not that brick and mortar do not make a school efficient and useful, nor are books in the library or appliances in the laboratory so essential. Teachers make the school or mar it. Teachers reveal the direction and the goal, where as students lay the road and journey into the future. So teachers play a significant role in moulding the future of the country.

Essay --

The term 'branding' in modern marketing is generally originated in the agricultural practices of the medieval age. The farmers 'branded' their animals with the iron and then they were able to identify to whom a particular animal belonged. Artisans 'branded' their products, for example, expensive silver tableware. Smiths 'branded' their swords. The role of the brand is to identify products by the same way as for medieval farmers and for modern corporations as well. Every company seeks to create its own brand - a unique and effective image. Purpose of brand is attracting and retaining customers in its market share. Branding in marketing is a complex technology, aimed at making advantageous position a brand from the competition. Facilitating the search for the necessary goods to the buyer, branding in marketing becomes more effective if the consumer product features meet market requirements. It is especially necessary to identify the goods, for a case of unprepared buyer which can not assess the competitive characteristics (for example, high-tech products). The development of technology has had a huge impact on human society. It is reflected in the fact that we are surrounded by complex technical devices that we use every day and sometimes we have no idea of how this thing is located within. Here the brand comes to help the consumer that stands out from all those product characteristics that are important to the consumer and facilitates the unde rstanding of the product. The second problem was solved by the brand is a simplification of choice. Every day consumer is faced with many similar products, and he just physically does not have time to compare all the annotations, the percentage composition, indications and specifications (f... ...ll one advantage and this is petrol stations. The Tesco â€Å"Clare Hall† has a petrol station and prices there are always lower than usual. The ability of the management in positioning and establishing the product is a success in any company that operates for marketing and profit acquisition. Furthermore, the ability of the company and its management to complete and maintain a competitive edge among its competitor throughout the product differentiation is another basis to say that is successful. Also, innovation and the constant development on the product lines and the growing number of customers also define the corporate standing of a company. Effective branding strategy and strong brand name are an important part of the profitable business. But, all the strategies and all marketing theories can be worth nothing without the compliance of the desires of consumers.

Victimization of Women in Society with Regard to Anita Nair, S Ladiescoupe

The undeserved dilemma of modern woman is a recurrent theme of the novels of Bharati, a widely acclaimed author and winner of the National Book critics’ award. She considered her works, a celebration of her emotion that she brings out of her heart. She has depicted very minutely the condition of Asian immigrants in North America, with particular attention to the changes taking place in South Asian women in a new world. She presents all her characters a survivors against the brutalities and violence that surrounded them.A threat that runs through all the novels of Mukherjee is of religious, racial, sexual and economic class difference. Bharati expresses the â€Å"the inner expropriation of cultural identity†. Pre-natal reminiscence is the fountain head of the Indian tradition. Encounter between India, England and USA ends in an inter cultural accommodation. The two integral parts of reality are fixity and change. The blending of being and becoming attracts the attention of novelists. Nativity and nationality meet face to face challenging immigrant sensibility and expatriate predicament.Monolithic cultural identity is dissolved in the process of cultural mutation. Thus this is evident in the novel against the background of Tara Lata’s recollection of childhood memory of previous birth and cross cultural pollination. A British becoming an Indian is a matter of attention while at the same time an Indian turning a snobbish British is equally an important subject matter for our concern. The philosophical import of the title, â€Å"From Being to Becoming,† is actually gleaned from the ritual incidents and personages.Heraclitus, the Greek philosopher stated that nothing remains static and so everything is in a state of change or constant transition. This phenomenon is nothing but a movement across cultures. The troublesome question is about the possibility of the life of the mind which transcends space and time. What is native becomes alien and what is alien becomes native. The issue is not so much connected with external space-time framework. But it has lot to do with our inner life. For example, Mishtigunj and Mist Mahal are the creations of John Mist.These places had become the home of ecumenical accommodation. It has turned in to a place which supports Christian unity. The Shoonder Bon village worshipped John Mist as an avatar. Helping the poor, feeding the hungry ones, elevating the life of the depressed, creating schools, building houses, hospitals, supplying the money, the necessary wherewithal, and shaping the body and soul of Shoonder Bon Home are the admirable heroic activities. All his heroic activities had endowed John Mist with the status of divine incarnation.By temperament he was Vedantic and by outlook he was Vedic. Experiences are always universal and they tend to move on in a parallel line. A man born in England getting fully rooted and absorbed in the life of Shoonder Bon village in East can be descr ibed as a phenomenon continent. Though the inhabitation is in a specific culture modern like cross-cultural pollination and acculturation are not sufficient to psychoanalyze the life of a soul. The Tree Bride is a powerful depiction of pre-independence India bringing two continents into contact with each other.East and West are traditionally conceived as terms of contrast, but this novel differs from this time-honored way of treating East and West. Shattering and solidifying of cultural boundaries are the two sub-conscious streams pervading the novel. John Mist serves as an example for the first category while Virgil Treadwell is shown as an instance for second category as he happens to be an East India Company official and a commissioner with an Anglophile and Edwardian bent of mind looking to formal, external decorum and spectability as norms of good behavior.But the novelist is preoccupied with mysticism and transformation of consciousness. Therefore anectodes, precedents and suc ceedents are only matter of chronology, history and geography. Human beings are irrespective of time, place and age. Anti-British and pro-British elements are attitudes which are incidental and largely history. The novelist does not spare her satirical pen where the British rule in India is concerned. Brahmo Samaj, a revival Indian Renaissance Movement, comes under severe scrutiny in the novelist’s hands.It can be clearly seen that the artist shows her inward respect over Jaikrishna Gangooly, the great grandfather of Tara, and his daughter, the Tree Bride. They also respected the Gangooly family for it is more attached to Arya Samaj which came as a corrective to Brahmo Samaj. The first movement endorses the philosophy of liberal, scientific Westernization while the second accepts the same phenomenon with a great deal of reservation. The business of Bharati Mukherjee is to be true to the facts of life. She acknowledges the fact that the British lifted India from the deep slumb er of decadence.At the same time the novelist mounts a frontal attack on the British strategy of perpetrating the foreign rule through religious divisions. â€Å"It is easy for an English-educated, middle-class Indian (or Pakistani or Bangladesh) to fall in line with colonial prejudice. Thirty thousand British bureaucrats and â€Å"factors† were able to rule ten thousand times more Indians by dividing Muslims from Hindus, Persian Zoroastrians from Muslims, Sikhs from Hindus, and nearly everyone, including Hindus, from castes like lazy Brahmins and money-grubbing banias†. 44) It shows that the need of the British empire could be better fulfilled by the Indians than by the English men. Macaulay’s limited psychoanalysis of the situation was right as far as his administrative framework was involved. But he failed to see the spontaneous mystical influence of each culture over the other. The novel contains two layers of unfolding its theme. One layer is obviously conc erned with the consequences resulting from the setting up of the East India Company. To a historian, the other layer remains obscure and somewhat non-logical.But the novelist takes immense care to distribute the emphasis in an equable manner for the purpose of achieving cultural comprehensiveness in the historical-cum-artist portrayal of personages. Macaulay saw culture and civilization in the mass as a consolidated unified framework. That is after all a nineteenth-century Benthamite utilitarian rationale. It is the justification or rationalization of relating to the utilitarian philosophy of Jeremy Bentham. A mass tendency validates an individual wishing after some cultural fallback. Man in the mass is metaphorically dead.Only the individual who does not align himself with the mass tendency is alive. Every culture is in a state of being and becoming and what is far more important is that one emerges into the other. There is always an interplay between the two. The reason is that ev ery society is subject to mutation and change. No culture has come to stay like a consolidated stone. History events and the march of time leave no society and culture untouched. The richness of any antiquity is never lost in the exposure of any historical, social and cultural metamorphosis.The novel brings out this idea of absorption and assimilation: In my mind, the history of the British in India is a story of adventure gone bad, where the thrill of new encounters, the lure of transformation†¦started drying up†¦Maybe there is a limit to the human capacity for wonder or the ability to absorb the truly alien without trying to reduce its dimensions and tame its excess. (48) It is clear that the stand of outside time is true and enduring . Simultaneously some other mysterious element enters time to put life through a process of transmutation. Frequently at such moments cultural upheavals occur.One such movement is the encounter between England and India in the wake of the s etting up of the East India Company as the nucleus and the wing of the British Empire. The powerful depiction of the scenes and a comprehensive portrayal of significant characters enables us to come to terms with the psycho-social implications of what they stand for and where the repercussions lead to. A head-on collision between the sociology of the society and the psychology of the individuals is perceptible. Demonstrably Eliot’s theory of past influencing the present and the present equally modifying the past is at work in the novel.A discussion taking place in San Francisco among Tara and Bish,Yash Khanna and Victoria Khanna is related to a memorable historical event in Shoonder Bon village (in East Bengal). The information so secured about this past is more by coincidence. The restlessnes of Tara’s spirit and the probability involved in her rumbling upon some material link the present with the past. It is the matter of sheer chance. Nevertheless it has value. Vict oria Khanna’s grandfather was Virgil Treadwell. As he was in Indian Civil Service, he was posted as a district commissioner in Bengal in 1930.The Six containing old ledgers of grandfather is a historical record about him. Victoria Khanna informs Tara about these materials. An impetus from the research into the past history Tara Lat Gangooly is the outcome of Tara’s inner prompting of her reminiscent prevision of a remote historical record of Mishtigunj which presents a parallel equivalent to an idealist view of a world of unalloyed joy and bliss. The random availability of record by sheer coincidence or accident from the hand of Victoria Khanna leads to the fulfillment of such a goal of study and investigation.Mist Nama is a powerful poetic depiction of a rich rewriting of the ancient Indian Vedic history by a British-turned Hindoo, John Mist. The question, â€Å"Who contributes† is as much important as the question â€Å"What is contributed. † John Mist is the creator of an ideal social order. Mist-Nama is a practical rendering of a life-vision. A British Hindu stood for the Hindu-Moslem unity. His governing philosophy in the language of the novelist was the harmonious combination of the ‘two’ of everything and it meant occupation and employment for both Hindus and Moslems in an equitable proportion.He conducted hectic commerce and business enterprises and whatever he earned, he shared with all. A profit-making East India Company British ship dropped a legacy making sailor-turned savior, John Mist. There were many Indians who became pseudo-British by their outward forms of Westernization like Virgil Treadwell. At the same time there were many British like John Mist, David Llewellyn and Coughlin Nigel who became true Indian Hindoos by their inner transformation of being. Imitation must contain an element of creative transformation; otherwise it can turn into mere form and decorum ending in an emptiness of being.The cont ext for the discussion of the relationship between ‘being’ and ‘becoming’ is demonstrably evident here. The truth to be established is that’ being’ and’ becoming’ are not the usual dichotomies but they are two indivisible sides of the same coin. Tara and John Mist appear as immigrants. Immigrancy is equated with loss of something and a search for true â€Å"something. † Tradition and convention describe nativity as something which is independent upon space, time, history and geography. This is a monolithic vision of culture and nativity. Nativity is therefore defined as a belonging to a culture and sharing oneness with it.But Bharati Mukherjee establishes another view that nativity is independent of all factors and it is more connected with inner being and less with spontaneous factors. A search for realization of inner being is conserved by the novelist as nativity. The idea of birthplace being conserved as nativity is di fferent from the idea of describing nativity as sharing oneness with the inner being which is independent of spacing the framework. The drama is that being turns into becoming and being from becoming turns into being. The novelist holds two views which are not contradictory as each other.John Mist says: â€Å"having come nowhere, he had everywhere to go. Having had nothing, he has had everything and anything at his disposal. † (27) Elsewhere the novelist says that where one inherits nothing, he is entitled to everything. Freedom of immigrancy and liberty of any form of absorption put the being and the becoming in a process of creative interplay. Mukherjee acknowledges the fact that life is an unpredictable mystery:â€Å"We have been trained to think of Mishtigunj as home in ways that our adopted homes, Calcutta and California, must never be.Ancestors come and to, but one’s native village, one’s desh, is immutable. (29)† Tara realizes her native home as Mi shtigunj in a state of immigrancy. But the home of John Mist is the same Indian village. Tara and John Mist realized their nativity in different ways where ‘being’ and’ becoming’ move and merge into each other. John Mist is the creator of Indian Mishtigunj and he is a British who discovers his sweet home in this village. Tara, an Indian immigrant in San Francisco, discovers home in the British created legendary village, Who is an immigrant? Who is a native?These questions get simultaneously juxtaposed. Home if therefore or it needs to be defined where one’s being is. In comparison with Tara and John Mist, Virgil Treadwell is less a better human being in spite of his being absorbed in the new phenomenon called Eurasianism. He could plot along with the British and spy on Tara Lata Gangooly’s house. These facts have deprived him of his inner being. His Eurasianism corrupted his nobility, introducing falsity. He sold his soul and made his profit whereas John Mist gave away his profit to people and he discovered his soul in his sacrifice.Bharati Mukherjee says that when the British like Virgil Treadwell spoke of profit John Mist thought in terms of leaving legacy. Therefore the concept of total objectivity of culture dies-down in the birth of polyvalent cultural subjectivity. Tara, Virgil Treadwell and John Mist are varying examples of the new proposition. With John Mist loss of objectivity (British culture) ends in discovery of subjectivity. Here the words’ loss’ and ‘gain’ and ‘objectivity’ and ‘subjectivity’ and’ being’ and ‘becoming’ are more connected with subconscious realization of one’s inner being.In the case of Virgil Treadwell, British gain meant Indian loss whereas conversely in the case of John Mist’s British loss meant Indian gain. The novelist uses very sensational generalizations to illustrate this truth:â€Å"All t he could-have-beens and should-have-beens of history, the best of the East meeting the best of the West, etc. , etc. , shrink from grandeur to petty profit-taking. (48) The question ‘Who conquered whom’ melts into insignificance: â€Å"history is written by victors, but in the case of India, it’s not always clear who won, is it? 90) It is that both the victor (West) and the vanquished (East) mutually enriched the sensibility of the two cultures. It is a strange divine coincidence that John Mist’s creation of the â€Å"Mist-Nama† and â€Å"Mishtigunj† is along a line which the ancient tradition of India endorses. The discovery of such a wonderful treasure is made possible by the research work of an Indian immigrant in America, Tara. Both John Mist and Tara are in a way immigrants. The philosophical axiom is that cultures are not fixed entities like â€Å"quantity. Naturally ‘being’ and’ becoming’ are not static. Th e mutations have repercussions. Though the word ‘being’ created a misleading picture of fixity and permanence, it has the character of fabric. The British conquest of India forms the context of the new in which these issues are raised indirectly. The history of Mishtigunj created by British Hindu John Mist puts obstacles in the way of glibly accepting the two categories ‘being’ and ‘becoming’. What determines history is not its concern with outward form but the ‘inner implications’ is which it unconsciously creates.It is this history which has created a martyr, John Mist. Tara Lata Gangooly represents the best of the East and her predecessor John Mist represents both the best of the East and the best of the West. Characters like Virgil Treadwell are more concerned with the British form and decorum than with the essence of life. Both John Mist and Tara Lata Gangooly live at a deeper level while men like Virgil Treadwell move on a su perficial plane. There are many places where Virgil Treadwell is compared to Churchill and Nixon and he is satirized subtly.Both John Mist and Tara Lata died a martyr’s death. The former was hanged in 1880 on a charge of disobedience of the British Colonial venture and the latter died in a prison in 1943 on the same charges of treason, sedition and disobedience. These events and situations by themselves are utterly insignificant. But the effect and impact they leave have a lasting value. It is this fact which enable the readers arrives at a philosophical link between being and becoming both is that the reality of life permits a movement between being and becoming.Liking John Mist, Tara Lata, Virgil and their life styles lead the leader draw an intelligent interference events and circumstances keeps them in a state of transition and transformation. It is a great achievement on the part of the novelist to aim at an imaginative-historical reconstruction of Mishtigunj. Bharathi M ukherjee is not a thoughless immigrant. Her loyalty to the essence of life gives her a new responsibility to rephrase the issue of the contact and correlation between being and becoming.

Courtly Love

Utopia: Suicide and Euthanasia utopia by Sir Thomas More portrays similar and different ways the society of today manages suicide and euthanasia. Some of the similarities that will be considered are as follows: helping the terminally ill pass comfortably, encouraging the terminally ill to quit their suffering and move on, and having the ill cared for that can be cured. The difference that will be considered is that of how suicide is seen In the utopian society versus that of todafs society.To start wth, todays society and the utopian society are slmllar by taking care of the sick. nd helping individuals become cured, Utopia society tried to help cure the sick, and kept them stable until they were healed. More states, â€Å"As I said before, the sick are carefully tended, and nothing Is neglected In the way of medicine or diet which might cure In todays society, there are doctor's offices and hospitals that help do the same as the utopian society. Doctor's prescribe medications, and statt at the hospital helps individuals until they are healthier.Encouraging the terminally Ill to end their suffering and move on s practiced In both the utopian society and todays society. The Individuals In both societies still receive treatment and care. More states, â€Å"Everything possible is done to mitigate the pain of those who are suffering from Incurable diseases; and visitors do their best to console them by sitting and talking with Utopian society tried to encourage the terminally ill to end their suffering through priest and public officials.More states, â€Å"But it the disease is not only incurable but excruciatingly and constantly painful, then the priest and public officials corne and urge the Invalid not to endure such agony any In todays society, doctors in the hospital and hospice o the same in encouraging terminally ill to move on and not sutter anymore. Doctor's encourage Individuals to consider becoming DNR, or do not resuscitate This does not mean do not treat. The Individuals that choose the DNR status are stating that they want a natural death.By being made a DNR status, the patient is making the declslon to mcwe on. Likewise, utopian society and todays society helped the Individual pass comfortably. The Individuals In the utopian society would â€Å"starve themselves to death or, having been put to sleep, are freed from life without any ensation ot utopian society believed in euthanasia as a way ot helping end suffering In the terminally Ill. In todays society, when a doctor sees that a patient Is at the end of life, and is suffering, the doctor will suggest comfort measures only.Comfort measures only consist of keeping the patient comfortable at all times, and generally Include high doses of medications that Include antianxiety and narcotics. These patients tend to expire very peacefully second to the medication they receive intravenously. Utopian society and todays society views suicide differently. In topian society, when an individual decides to commit suicide, it is not taken kindly to, unless the individual did It due to the fact he was terminally Ill.More states, † under these circumstances. when death is advised by the authorities, they consider selt-destruction honorable. But the suicide, who takes his own lite without the thrown his body, unburied and disgraced, into a bog. † (624). In todays society, suicide is not an appropriate means of expiration no matter the circumstances. Doctors in todays society try to seek help for individuals that have even thoughts of suicide, but ave not acted on those thought yet.However, if one chooses to commit suicide, the body is not Just tossed aside, but is given to the family members to either bury or cremate. Todays society and the utopian society have similar and different ways euthanasia and suicide are managed. Sir Thomas More depicts this in his work Utopia. Both societies are similar in the way each encourages the terminally ill to move on, helping the terminally ill move on comfortably, and helping those curable become better. The difference is the way each views suicide, and the consequence of the suicidal act.

Principles of Dimensional Modeling

Principles of Dimensional Modeling Abstract: Dimensional modeling is the name of a logical design technique often used for data warehouses. DM is the only viable technique for databases that are designed to support end-user queries in a data warehouse. It is different from, and contrasts with, entity-relation modeling. ER is very useful for the transaction capture and the data administration phases of constructing a data warehouse, but it should be avoided for end-user delivery. This paper explains the dimensional modeling and how dimensional modeling technique varies/ contrasts with ER models. DM: Dimensional Modeling is a favorite modeling technique in data warehousing. DM is a logical design technique that seeks to present the data in a standard, intuitive framework that allows for high-performance access. It is inherently dimensional, and it adheres to a discipline that uses the relational model with some important restrictions. Every dimensional model is composed of one table with a multipart key, called the fact table, and a set of smaller tables called dimension tables. Each dimension table has a single-part primary key that corresponds exactly to one of the components of the multipart key in the fact table. This characteristic star-like structure is often called a star join. A fact table, because it has a multipart primary key made up of two or more foreign keys, always expresses a many-to-many relationship. The most useful fact tables also contain one or more numerical measures, or facts, that occur for the combination of keys that define each record. Dimension tables, by contrast, most often contain descriptive textual information. Dimension attributes are used as the source of most of the interesting constraints in data warehouse queries, and they are virtually always the source of the row headers in the SQL answer set. Dimension Attributes are the various columns in a dimension table. In the Location dimension, the attributes can be Location Code, State, Country, Zip code. Generally the Dimension Attributes are used in report labels, and query constraints such as where Country=UK. The dimension attributes also contain one or more hierarchical relationships. Before designing a data warehouse, one must decide upon the subjects. Contrast with E-R: In DM, a model of tables and relations is constituted with the purpose of optimizing decision support query performance in relational databases, relative to a measurement or set of measurements of the outcomes of the business process being modeled. In contrast, conventional E-R models are constituted to remove redundancy in the data model, to facilitate retrieval of individual records having certain critical identifiers, and therefore, optimize On-line Transaction Processing (OLTP) performance. In a DM, the grain of the fact table is usually a quantitative measurement of the outcome of the business process being analyzed. The dimension tables are generally composed of attributes measured on some discrete category scale that describe, qualify, locate, or constrain the fact table quantitative measurements. Ralph Kimball views that the data warehouse should always be modeled using a DM/star schema. Indeed Kimball has stated that while DM/star schemas have the advantages of greater understandability and superior performance relative to E-R models, their use involves no loss of information, because any E-R model can be represented as a set of DM/star schema models without loss of information. In E-R models, normalization through addition of attributive and sub-type entities destroys the clean dimensional structure of star schemas and creates snowflakes, which, in general, slow browsing performance. But in star schemas, browsing performance is protected by restricting the formal model to associative and fundamental entities, unless certain special conditions exist (Kimball, 19960. The key to understanding the relationship between DM and ER is that a single ER diagram breaks down into multiple DM diagrams. The ER diagram does itself a disservice by representing on one diagram multiple processes that never coexist in a single data set at a single consistent point in time. Its no wonder the ER diagram is overly complex. Thus the first step in converting an ER diagram to a set of DM diagrams is to separate the ER diagram into its discrete business processes and to model each one separately. The dimensional model has a number of important data warehouse advantages that the ER model lacks. The dimensional model is a predictable, standard framework. Report writers, query tools, and user interfaces can all make strong assumptions about the dimensional model to make the user interfaces more understandable and to make processing more efficient. The wild variability of the structure of ER models means that each data warehouse needs custom, handwritten and tuned SQL. It also means that each schema, once it is tuned, is very vulnerable to changes in the users querying habits, because such schemas are asymmetrical. By contrast, in a dimensional model all dimensions serve as equal entry points to the fact table. Changes in users querying habits dont change the structure of the SQL or the standard ways of measuring and controlling performance (Ramon Barquin and Herb Edelstein, 1996). Conclusion: It can be concluded that dimensional modeling is the only viable technique for designing end-user delivery databases. ER modeling defeats end-user delivery and should not be used for this purpose. ER modeling does not really model a business; rather, it models the micro relationships among data elements (Ramon Barquin and Herb Edelstein, 1996).

Pros and Cons of Planting Mimosa in Your Yard

Pro's and Con's of Planting Mimosa in Your Yard Albizia julibrissin, also called silk tree, was introduced into North America from China where it is a native species. The tree along with its  silk-like flower arrived in North America in 1745 and was rapidly planted  and cultivated for use as an ornamental. Mimosa is still planted as an ornamental because of its fragrant and showy flowers but has escaped into the forest and now considered an invasive exotic.  Mimosas ability to grow and reproduce along roadways and disturbed areas and to establish after escaping from cultivation is a major problem.  Mimosa is considered an exotic invasive tree. The Beautiful  Mimosa Flower and Leaf Silk tree has showy and fragrant pink flowers that are just over an inch long. These lovely pink flowers resemble pompoms, all of which are arranged in panicles at the ends of branches. These beautiful flowers appear in abundance from late April to early July creating a spectacular sight that enhances its popularity. These flowers are the perfect color  pink, they have a pleasant fragrance and are very attractive during  spring and summer flowering. They can also be a mess on property under the tree. The abundant  fern-like leaf also adds a bit of magic and is unlike many, if any, of the North American native trees. These unique leaves make Mimosa popular to use as a terrace or patio tree for its light-filtering effect with dappled shade and a tropical effect. Its deciduous (loses its leaves when dormant) nature allows the sun to warm during cold winters. These leaves are finely divided, 5-8 inches long by about 3-4 inches wide, and alternate along the stems. Growing Mimosa Mimosa grows best in full sun locations and is not peculiar to any particular soil type. It does have a low  tolerance for salt and grows well in acid or alkaline soil. Mimosa is drought tolerant but will have a deeper green color and more lush appearance when given adequate moisture. The tree lives on dry-to-wet sites and tends to spread along stream banks. It prefers open conditions but can persist in the shade. You will seldom find the tree in forests with full canopy cover, or at higher elevations where cold hardiness is a limiting factor.   Why You Should Not Plant Mimosa Mimosa is short lived and very messy. It, in a very short time, shades large areas in the landscape which inhibit  sun-loving shrubs and grasses. Seed pods litter both the tree and the ground, and the tree is considered an invasive species in  North America. The seeds readily germinate and seedlings can cover your lawn and the surrounding area.  The mimosa flower, to be honest, is beautiful but if the tree is shading outside property or over automobiles, you will have a major annual cleaning problem through the flowering season. The wood of mimosa is very brittle and weak and the multiple spreading branches are prone to breakage. This breakage is a major factor in its limited ability to live a long life. In addition to the breakage, the tree attracts webworm and vascular wilt which leads to an early demise. Typically, most of the root system grows from only two or three large-diameter roots originating at the base of the trunk. These can raise walks and patios as they grow in diameter and make for poor transplanting success as the tree grows larger. Redeeming Features Mimosa is a handsome tree with beautiful silk-like flowers.Mimosa is tolerant of drought and alkaline soils.

Environmental laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Environmental laws - Essay Example This however was still being rejected and criticized for cost reasons (Glicksman 63). Animals also deserve to live in a peaceful and habitable environment same as human being and that is the reason there are environmental laws tailored towards ensuring this happens. An example of such law is the Endangered Species Act of 1973 which aims to protect certain species of animals from being completely wiped out through hunting or poaching. However, just like other environmental laws, it is still termed as a waste of resources and time especially since there are many animals in the world. Lastly, there is the pollution which has proven from time immemorial to be a menace to society. The problem was partly taken care of when the Nixon administration passed the Clean Air Act in 1970. This however did not stop the critics and ignorant individuals in society from breaking this act and still polluting the environment. The worse mistake being committed by ignoring these environmental laws is that it is the people and animals who are facing the repercussions of the negative effects of not following these laws including getting sick from water-borne diseases and also respiratory problem as well as killing the almost extinct animal species which could be useful for future

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND POLITICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND POLITICS - Essay Example Soviet Union was considered foreign enemy in much of Eastern Europe for a long time after the fall of communism. After all, the communist Soviet Union had invaded these countries and broken their people for decades. This disturbing image has changed over the past few years. The soviet leaders endeavored to secure their power primarily against forces at home, but also against the outside world, since ideology taught them that the outside world was aggressive and that it was their duty ultimately to defeat political forces away from their borders. Soviet Union is considered as the state which followed ideology for the formation of a society that free from the evils of capitalism. Principles of socialism and Marxism in Russia have contributed a comprehensive and mutually unswerving set of ideas which helps the nation to form its foreign policy. The concept of proletarian internationalism has played vital role in the process of making Russia’s foreign policy. Historical studies ha ve proved that Russia was considered as the foreign foe in much of European countries especially after the fall of Communism. Leninist ideologies of class struggle and war made the nation in to a land of anti- imperialists. Recent years a considerable number of far-right groups in post communist and socialist nations have considered President Putin’s authoritarian political infrastructure was a sufficient model and it paved the way for urging broad attitude towards Russia among the European countries. Analyzing the political and social history of Russia one can comprehend that Russian leaders and governments are failed to establish specific ideological base in their nation and the country have shifted its ideology. Different ideologies like Marxism, Socialism, and Leninism are played a vital role in the process of making Russia’s foreign policy. Numerous official administrative procedures have been involved in the understanding and effectuation of Soviet foreign polici es. The great crisis that suppressed Russia’s foreign relation is its defective national, building ideology. Authorities have followed their passiveness in making new ideologies and principles. It is clear that after the formation of the independent Russian Federation in 1991, Russia had reached the status of a Russian nation-state under the leader ship of Boris Yeltsin. But Yeltsin’s efforts to change Russia as a land of multiethnic and non -imperial state became collapsed because of an articulate ideology. The online article entitled Domestic Factors Driving Russia's Foreign Policy by Ariel Cohen states that; â€Å"For over a decade, the Russian authorities have failed to provide a coherent and modern nation-building ideology or to overcome Russia's nostalgia for its lost empire.† (Cohen 2007). Ideologies in that time have largely encouraged the concept of collective amnesia that promotes Russian nationalism among the people. As a result of this, majority of p eople from Russia have believed United States as an enemy and it caused a gradual deterioration in Russia’s international al relations. In other words Russian rulers were failed to consume nationalism as an ideology to blend state and society in a healthy way. Analyzing history researcher can comprehend the fact that the aggressive nationalism had influenced the Russian efforts to follow war as a tool of foreign policy. Reader can find the two instances in the history of

Business Management (Forum Post and Reply) Essay

Business Management (Forum Post and Reply) - Essay Example Personal planning involves setting up objectives for personal life. An example would be a plan to lose weight or start exercising. Another example of personal planning is to allocate time for family, friends, and work so that work life balance can be achieved. Planning and organizing are different in the sense that planning involves setting up future goals and actions plans while organizing has more to do with arranging resources in order to achieve those goals. Organizing in management means to assemble resources to implement the action plan that is designed in the planning process. It is, therefore, safe to say that both planning and organizing complement each other. My former boss always kept himself involved in the work of employees. His involvement was appreciated by employees because one can always turn to him for help. My former boss also took responsibility for his subordinates which is why everyone liked him. He also encouraged debate and consulted everyone before taking decisions like setting up night shifts. This is another positive leadership trait because it is essential to keep everyone on board. One negative leadership trait of my former boss was that he was tough on bad performance. This is a negative trait because he used to lose his temper sometimes while talking to employees regarding performance issues. Another good leadership trait was that he was decisive and never got confused in making decisions. This is a must in every leader because this separates a leader with a follower. Being decisive is important to move forward for a leader and this is why it is a positive trait (Schyns & Meindl, 2006, 279). My former company used control tools like traditional feedbacks to inform the subordinates regarding their position and performance in the company. This feedback was given verbally by immediate supervisors and the whole process was not very formal. I would give a grade B to the feedback process of my former company

Online information system Essay Example for Free

Online information system Essay

Business Ethics Essay -- essays research papers

Running Head: Business Ethics Business Ethics name school The modern theory of the firm, which is central to finance and corporate law, views the corporation as a of contracts among the various corporate constituencies. Upon this foundation, finance theory and corporate law postulate shareholder wealth as the objective of the firm. Research in business ethics has largely ignored this contracts theory of the firm except to reject the financial-legal model as normatively inadequate. Philosophers generally bring philosophical theories of ethics to bear on problems of business, and they regard the contractual theory of the firm primarily as a subject for criticism using the resources of philosophical ethics. In particular, stakeholder theory, which stresses the importance of all groups that affect or are affected by a firm, has been proposed as a more adequate theory of the firm for studying business ethics. An important benefit of business ethics research conducted within such a framework would be a narrowing of the gulf between business ethics and the fields of financial economics and corporate law. Business ethics is widely dismissed as irrelevant by researchers in these fields because of its failure to recognize the existing financial and legal structures of the corporation, which are built largely on a contractual foundation. Hence, a common framework could increase the relevance of business ethics research and create a mutually beneficial dialogue. As a framework for identifying and analyzing many common business ethics problems, the contractual theory focuses our attention on the need to provide adequate safeguards for each constituency's interests. Corporate governance is concerned primarily with protecting shareholder interests, in part because the special contracting problems of shareholders are best met by the residual claims that the law of corporate governance creates. The comparative neglect of other constituencies in corporate law is not a matter of concern as long as their interests are adequately protected in some way. How the interests of each constituency are protected--whether by means of corporate governance structures or other means--is a matter of what works best in practice. Before we can devise means for protecting the interests of each ... ...act but on the efficacy of the actual claims of the group in question. Business ethics problems can be identified mainly as wrongful harms, misallocations, and misappropriations. These categories are commonly employed in economics, finance, and corporate law in the analysis of various kinds of problems, which are usually attributed to market failures, imperfect contracting, and other causes. However, many of these other kinds of problems arise from larger economic and political forces that would affect any theory of the firm. References Kenneth E. Goodpaster, "Business Ethics and Stakeholder Analysis," Business Ethics Quarterly, 1 (2001), 53-73; Allen Kaufman, Lawrence Zacharias, and Marvin Karson, Managers vs. Owners: The Struggle for Corporate Control in American Democracy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. Alderson, A. and Kakabadse, A., (1994), 'Business Ethics and Irish Management: A Cross-Cultural Study', European Management Journal, Volume 12, Number 4, December, pp. 432-441. Abelson, R. and Nielson, K., (2003), 'The History of Ethics', in Edwards, P. (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of Ethics, Macmillan, New York, pp. 81-116. Business Ethics Essay -- essays research papers Running Head: Business Ethics Business Ethics name school The modern theory of the firm, which is central to finance and corporate law, views the corporation as a of contracts among the various corporate constituencies. Upon this foundation, finance theory and corporate law postulate shareholder wealth as the objective of the firm. Research in business ethics has largely ignored this contracts theory of the firm except to reject the financial-legal model as normatively inadequate. Philosophers generally bring philosophical theories of ethics to bear on problems of business, and they regard the contractual theory of the firm primarily as a subject for criticism using the resources of philosophical ethics. In particular, stakeholder theory, which stresses the importance of all groups that affect or are affected by a firm, has been proposed as a more adequate theory of the firm for studying business ethics. An important benefit of business ethics research conducted within such a framework would be a narrowing of the gulf between business ethics and the fields of financial economics and corporate law. Business ethics is widely dismissed as irrelevant by researchers in these fields because of its failure to recognize the existing financial and legal structures of the corporation, which are built largely on a contractual foundation. Hence, a common framework could increase the relevance of business ethics research and create a mutually beneficial dialogue. As a framework for identifying and analyzing many common business ethics problems, the contractual theory focuses our attention on the need to provide adequate safeguards for each constituency's interests. Corporate governance is concerned primarily with protecting shareholder interests, in part because the special contracting problems of shareholders are best met by the residual claims that the law of corporate governance creates. The comparative neglect of other constituencies in corporate law is not a matter of concern as long as their interests are adequately protected in some way. How the interests of each constituency are protected--whether by means of corporate governance structures or other means--is a matter of what works best in practice. Before we can devise means for protecting the interests of each ... ...act but on the efficacy of the actual claims of the group in question. Business ethics problems can be identified mainly as wrongful harms, misallocations, and misappropriations. These categories are commonly employed in economics, finance, and corporate law in the analysis of various kinds of problems, which are usually attributed to market failures, imperfect contracting, and other causes. However, many of these other kinds of problems arise from larger economic and political forces that would affect any theory of the firm. References Kenneth E. Goodpaster, "Business Ethics and Stakeholder Analysis," Business Ethics Quarterly, 1 (2001), 53-73; Allen Kaufman, Lawrence Zacharias, and Marvin Karson, Managers vs. Owners: The Struggle for Corporate Control in American Democracy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. Alderson, A. and Kakabadse, A., (1994), 'Business Ethics and Irish Management: A Cross-Cultural Study', European Management Journal, Volume 12, Number 4, December, pp. 432-441. Abelson, R. and Nielson, K., (2003), 'The History of Ethics', in Edwards, P. (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of Ethics, Macmillan, New York, pp. 81-116.

DBQ Pre AP World History Revised

However, there are multiple problems that arose, and they include social conflicts and agreements (Documents 1, 4, and 6), religious issues (Documents 5, 7, 8 and 9), and culture (Documents 2, 3 and 10). Part of the reasons for trouble involve social conflicts and disagreements, and the document was written for, or to explain about these problems (Documents 1, 4, and 6). For example, some people still believed in high and low castes. In Document 4, for example, someone from a low caste joined a high caste team. There were people that still believed that the caste system was an active part of society.Some people did not believe that this was right. Some people did not believe in people from different social classes being on the same cricket team. They may have thought that the lower castes were not as capable as the upper classes were. However, there were some people who may have thought that your place in society had nothing to do with your ability to play a sport, and should be in s ocial and educational life as well. Also, Document 1, we see social disagreements between different countries, because of the issues about the polo playing people damaging the field of the Indian cricketers.This shows that issues are taken to international levels if deed be. And once again in Document 6, there is noticeable anger between this Indian writer and the English. He is expressing that he feels offended by the ridicule that they (the team) are facing from the English. Another factor these documents could be expressing would be religious conflicts (Documents 5, 7, 8, and 9). In Document 8, Quadrangular cricket was a cricket tournament held in Bombay. The teams were divided up religiously, and because there were 4 teams, it was called quadrangular cricket.Some people thought that it was wrong for people to be playing religiously because hat was also a root of political tension. Document 8 expresses that, â€Å"l can understand Matches between colleges, and Institutions, but I have never understood the reason for having†¦ Religiously based teams. † This just shows that people have their opinions, and that they have good reason for it. However, the fact that people still went ahead with the tournament also shows that there were those who felt that it was still alright to have religiously based teams.Document 7 is clearly presenting the idea that religious competition is simply wrong. They say that Quadrangular Cricket has simply generated into religious rivalry. Document 5 is explaining about the competitions between the Europeans, Hindus, Muslims, and Paris (or the Indian Zoroastrian). They are talking about the Quadrangular tournament, and that the religious competition was â€Å"no less remarkable and I hope our Hindu brethren as sportsmen would be no less pleased but also rejoice at the Muslims winning the championship. And, this document shows that some people believe that the Quadrangular tournament was wrong, as it was in Document 8, o r that people take it the way that Document 7 did, and see that here was no need to get too upset about it, and that it was all just fair competition. And finally, Document 9 is expressing that when one country loses, sure the winning side can celebrate for their own victory, but still, they should feel bad for the country that lost, and not just enjoy themselves without thinking about the sorrow of the losing side.Some of the documents also explain cultural aspects and point of views of cricket (Documents 2, 3, and 10). For example, in the picture and text caption on Document 2, we see an Indian cricketer. This shows that people of efferent nationalities could enjoy the same Sport, and it could be done without any fighting or arguments. In Document 3, it explains how cricket unites people from different parts of the world, both rulers and the ruled. And, in document 10, we see how the idea of sharing a culture through the sport of cricket is expressed.The document also says that in countries like England, there are multiple sports, and that is simply not the case with India and Pakistan, because in those countries, there is one sport: cricket, and that is just one example of how â€Å"We hare culture, we share a history, and we share o much. † Each document has its own point of view, with some similarities and differences between each one. In Document 1, the point of view is from the Indian cricket players. This document was produced in 1 881, and the audience was the governor of the province of Bombay, India.This was a petition, or a letter to someone who was of authority. The message that this petition was trying to convey was that these cricket players were unhappy with the fact that a few English gentlemen were allowed to run their horses and play polo, on the only available cricket field, while over 500 native youths ere not permitted to use the grounds while the few gentlemen were playing polo. The reason for this feeling of anger was that the po lo players were ruining the cricket grounds, and that made the grounds unusable.Also, it seems that this petition is trying to appeal to the governor so that they can get what they want. This document seems to be heavily biased, based on the way that the writers were trying so hard to get the polo players off their grounds, and to show their frustration with the unfairness that was being permitted by England. In the second document, it seems that the point of view is neutral. There seems to be no bias, and there is a picture in the document, which is used as a visual aid. Overall, the document seems to portray a clear representation of a cricket player, and it seems to be for a report of some sort.In the third document, the point of view is a book excerpt. It seems that the excerpt is showing how Britain colonizes a country, and then seeks to unite the ruled with the rulers by playing cricket. It seems fair to say that the excerpt is expressing an idea about the â€Å"civilizedâ₠¬  way that Britain colonizes other lands. By introducing the game of cricket, it provides moral training and education that is valuable to the ordinary native, and much more efficient than traditional â€Å"book' (formal) education. The fourth document is from an Indian newspaper.This document as a whole is representing someone trying to show what can be accomplished by certain people. In the document, we read about how someone from a low caste was admitted to a team made up of higher caste people. The writer of this document is trying to express that just because people come from different social classes does not mean that they cannot accomplish the same things as each other, as long as they apply themselves. There are people who would agree with that Statement. However, there is some personal bias. The writer of this document may have been written by someone that believed in equality.This is particularly due to the fact that the document is trying to explain that ‘The cha mpion bowler of the Hindus is a leather worker. † Skip ahead, and it says that, â€Å"The upper-caste Hindus of an Indian cricket club found that although he was low-caste, his inclusion in the Hindu team would improve matters considerably with his pluck and spirit. They admitted him as their member. This is trying to push the fact that this person, while low caste, was able to get involved with higher caste people. The fifth document is one about a cricket team that lost. There is a lot of personal bias in this one.Based on the context of the document, it seems that the people that wrote the document were unhappy about what happened in this particular game. The document is expressing personal comments, which is fine. However, if one was to look for documents about the Quadrangular Tournament, they should approach this one with caution because of the religious bias that this document clearly has. There is something interesting about the sixth document. This document is an exc erpt from a monthly magazine article. However, the writer of this article is a supporter of the Nature XSL cricket club.This means that there is a bit of personal bias in this document. The point of view is unique because it tells how the English always consider them â€Å"effete† or â€Å"ineffective† and on the cricket field they were able to prove themselves otherwise. Document 7 is from an editorial in the sports journal Indian Cricket, showing personal bias, and it is very noticeable. These people are trying to explain that â€Å"Those happy days [Of cricket] are now gone, thanks to those self-seeking leaders who want to gain their ends by stirring up religious fanaticism. They are upset with Quadrangular Cricket, and they felt as though it did not have any benefit on the game, and rather endangered the healthy rivalry cricket. The bias here does have a lot of impact on the interpretation of the document because it adds a strong personal opinion about why this pe rson felt the way that they did. The point of view is interesting based on the source because it is an editorial. In an editorial, the writer is writing their personal opinion. Therefore, it is understandable as to why there is bias in this document.The eighth document was from, at the time very popular, Gandhi. Many people knew of this man, and he is still known very well today. He is expressing his opinion about the religiously based teams in cricket. He says that it is alright for â€Å"colleges and institutions†, but he said that he never saw why different religions would be competing each other, and he saw it as â€Å"taboo† in sporting language and sporting manners. He clearly does not agree tit the religious divisions of the teams. This is true personal bias. However, the point of view is intriguing because of the fact that Gandhi has a point.He is making it clear about what the problem is with the tournament, and presents a good reason as to why he disagrees wi th this type of competition. Document 9 is a short, quick document. It was a short excerpt from the newspaper Muslim India. However, this short quote is very important as another example of bias, but not entirely personal. This bias is personal, and cultural bias. It said that when his country is defeated, other people celebrate. He thinks that they should be feeling sorrow for his country, rather than rejoicing their own victory.The point view should be taken into account because it is coming from someone who as passion for something in this case their country), and when they lose, they are very upset over it, and then the bias comes. However, in the end, it is someone's own writing in a newspaper, and the opinion can be justified based on the context of the document. The tenth document is explaining what cultural impact cricket has. This was written by the Pakistan Cricket Board chairman. He is explaining why cricket is o important in India and Pakistan. He explains that cricket i s not just one of several sports like England has.In India and Pakistan, cricket is the one sport. He is trying to express to people that cricket is a fundamental part of Indian and Pakistani culture. And, the fact that he is pushing aside political issues, just to express the importance of cricket in these two countries' societies, expresses the importance of this sport, and why he is trying so hard to explain that. Because there were so many points of view, there felt the need to see one more, and that would have been the necessary additional comment, and that would have been one more point of view about why the Quadrangular Tournament was wrong.